Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the biological effect and potential mechanism of flurbiprofen axetil(FA) on attenuating renal ischemia-reperfusion inflammation injury in rats. METHODS Male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups(8 in each group):sham operation group, sham operation+FA(5 mg·kg^-1) group, ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) group and IRI+FA (5 mg·kg^-1) group. To analysis serum creatinine and urea nitrogen index, renal histological section and pathological score were performed; immunohistochemical method was used for detecting renal apoptosis indexes, including Bax and caspase-3 and Bcl-2 levels; immunohistochemistry and Western blotting methods for the detection of fibrosis, including TGF-β1, Smad3, and p-Smad3, so as to evaluate the effect of FA treatment on renal IRI. RESULTS FA treatment significantly inhibited serum creatine and blood urea nitrogen levels and improved histological damage caused by IRI. In addition, FA pre-treatment significantly reduced the expression of caspase-3 and Bax and increased the level of Bcl-2 for the apoptotic signaling pathway. For fibrotic signaling pathways, FA treatment could down-regulate the expression levels of typical fibrotic molecules(TGF-β1, Smad3, p-Smad3). CONCLUSION FA has protective effect on renal IRI, which may be related to the reduction of inflammation and fibrosis levels.