Abstract: In recent years, the pollution of pesticide residues in traditional Chinese medicine has attracted wide attention. Gansu province is one of the main production areas of traditional Chinese medicine, and the export trade of traditional Chinese medicine growing rapidly. However, in recent years, the problem of excessive pesticide residues hinders the entry of traditional Chinese medicine into the international market, seriously affecting the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry. In this paper, aim at Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Codonopsis Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Astragali Radix in Gansu province, the methods of detecting pesticide residues from 2009 to 2019 and the domestic standards gap are reviewed, and the research program of multi-component pesticide residues in traditional Chinese medicine is proposed to ensure the quality and safety of traditional Chinese medicine and promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry.