Abstract: Acute lung injury(ALI) is a common clinical critical illness. Its exacerbation stage is acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS). The mortality rate is as high as 30%-50%, which seriously threatens people's life and health. Even if the patients survive, the function of lung is severely impaired, thus severely affecting the quality of the patients' life and causing a large economic burden on the patient, family and society. The complex pathological mechanisms of ALI make its effective treatment still a tremendous challenge clinically. Presently, the treatment strategies of ALI mainly include respiratory support therapy, drug therapy, gene therapy, cell transplantation and other means. A brief review of the research progress of ALI therapy is presented.