Abstract: OBJECTIVE To verify the rationality of Paeoniae Radix Alba from genuine producing areas recorded in literature through comparing the quality of Paeoniae Radix Alba from genuine producing areas and non-genuine producing areas. METHODS The material of Paeoniae Radix Alba of 53 batches were collected from 13 producing areas consist of genuine producing areas and non-genuine producing areas. The content of gallic acid, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin and benzoyl- paeoniflorin were simultaneous determined by HPLC, and to make evaluation by principal component analysis. RESULTS Genuine producing areas(Bozhou city of Anhui province, Hangzhou city of Zhejiang province, Zhongjiang county of Sichuan province) ranked the top few in the quality of Paeoniae Radix Alba, which had high quality than non-genuine producing areas(Jiangxian county of Shanxi Province, Heze city of Shandong province, Nanyang city of Henan province, Shangqiu city of Henan province, Foshan city of Guangdong province). CONCLUSION The result has verified partially the rationality of genuine producing areas of Paeoniae Radix Alba, and laid a foundation for further study.