Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the use of oral anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation(NVAF) in a anticoagulation clinic, and to provide data support for real world research to guide clinical practice. METHODS Situation of NVAF patients treated with oral anticoagulants(OAC) in anticoagulation clinics from 2014 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS The number of patients treated with warfarin, dabigatran and rivaroxaban were 551, 83 and 48 respectively. The percentage of NVAF patients with CHA2DS2-VASc scores(≥ 1 in males or ≥ 2 in females) who were treated the 3 anticoagulants were 89.7%, 94.0% and 93.8% respectively. About 50% of low stroke risk patients on anticoagulants were therapeutic anticoagulation for 3 weeks prior or 4 weeks after cardioversion or catheter ablation. The average age of patients and the proportion of patients with previous stroke history who received new oral anticoagulants(NOACs) were higher than that of warfarin. Due to ease of use of NOACs, the conversion of warfarin to NOACs was the most common in clinical practice. There were still considerable cases of non-compliance with anticoagulants, one of the patients suffered from transient ischemic attack after 3 days of self-deactivation of dabigatran. CONCLUSION The clinical guidelines recommend that patients with NVAF prefer NOACs, whereas warfarin is widely used in the real world and NOACs are mostly used in patients who were elderly or previous stroke. It can be due to doctors' more experienced use of warfarin and higher prices of NOACs. Focusing on the conversion between different anticoagulants and improving the compliance of taking anticoagulants by pharmacists are important measures to improve the quality of anticoagulation.