Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of schisandrin B(Sch B) on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in type 2 diabetic rats. METHODS A rat model of type 2 diabetes was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and a high-sugar and high-fat diet. The administration group was given Sch B 40, 80, 120 mg·kg^-1, and the control and model groups were given 2 mL·d^-1 normal saline for 8 weeks. The weight changes of rats were detected by weighing method. The contents of FBG, TC, TG, HDL and LDL were detected by automatic chemical analyzer, and renal damage was observed by HE staining. The expressions of caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, p-ACC, p-AMPK and p-LKB1 in renal tissues were detected by Western blotting. The levels of serum MDA and SOD were detected by kit. The content of IL-6, IL-1β and IL-18 were detected by ELISA. RESULTS Compared with the rats in the model group, the body weight of the rats in the administration group increased significantly, and the contents of FBG, TC, TG and LDL decreased significantly. The HDL content increased significantly, the degree of damage was significantly reduced, and the expression of caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax was significantly down-regulated. The content of MDA was significantly decreased, the activity of SOD was significantly enhanced, the contents of IL-6, IL-1b and IL-18 were significantly decreased, and the expressions of p-ACC, p-AMPK and p-LKB1 were significantly up-regulated(all P<0.01). CONCLUSION Sch B can improve body weight, glycolipid metabolism, kidney injury, oxidative stress and inflammatory response in type 2 diabetic rats, and activate AMPK-LKB1 signal transduction pathway in diabetic rats.