Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of polymer chemical materials loaded short-acting insulin in diabetic rats. METHODS The diabetic rat model was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at 65 mg·kg^-1 dose, and divided randomly into model group, regular group (insulin injection), hydrogel group(loaded short-acting insulin injection), and normal control group, 10 in each group. The diversification of blood glucose of rats in each group after intervention in 24 h, the variety of blood glucose after gavage administration of high glucose, and the transformation level of liver function and renal function were observed after intervention. RESULTS &NBSP;Within 24 h, there was no difference of blood glucose in model group; the blood glucose in regular group amd hydrogel group dropped to the lowest level at 3 h, but the ascendant blood glucose declined at 12 h hydrogel group. The blood glucose in hydrogel group kept the level of 49.3%-55.6% of initial content, which was remarkably deeper than that in regular group(P<0.05). After gavage administration of high glucose, the blood glucose in regular group descended at 0.5 h, and maintained the level of 59.8%-66.4% of initial content from 1.5-2.5 h, which was noticeably lower than that in model group(P<0.05). The blood glucose in hydrogel group came down from 0.5 h, which declined significantly from 2.5-3.5 h, compared with that in regular group(P<0.05). The most important was that there was no occurrence of hypoglycemia. At the same time, the ALT and AST in hydrogel group descend distinctly, compared with that in model group, and AST in hydrogel group was lower than that in regular group, but higher than normal control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The hypoglycemic effect of polymer chemical material loaded short-acting insulin is superior to that of regular fast-acting insulin with a prong long duration which can be further applied to the development of new insulin dosage forms.