Abstract: OBJECTIVE Draconis Sanguis is precious traditional Chinese medicine. Resina draconis and Sanguis Draconis are different in chemical composition, and pharmacological effects. However, the confusion of these two medicines is widespread in clinic. This article compares the research advances of these two medicines to provide reference for clinical application reasonably. METHODS References were reviewed to summarize the chemical composition, pharmacological research and clinical application of Resina draconis and Draconis Sanguis. RESULTS The main component of Draconis Sanguis was hemorrhagic hormone, and loureirin A/B were the main components of Resina draconis. Draconis sanguis had obvious promoting effects on circulation, hemostasis, analgesia, wound healing, etc. The Resina draconis had effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, in addition, it had a strong effect on antifungal and anti-inflammatory. CONCLUSION Although both Draconis Sanguis and Resina draconis have been widely used in the treatment of various diseases in clinical practice, the differences in pharmacological effects are obvious. It is necessary to distinguish the two medicines in the clinic.