Abstract: OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pharmacological effects of ten kinds of extracts from Chuanxiong Rhizoma, with macroporous resin method, on thrombosis, the platelet function and vascular endothelial factors in rat myocardium of ischemia/reperfusion injury(I/R). METHODS Ten different Chuanxiong Rhizoma component were extracted from Chinese herbal pieces Chuanxiong Rhizoma through water decoction alcohol sinking method and macroporous resin separation as well as high-speed countercurrent chromatography. Wistar rats of clean grade were randomly divided. I/R was established by ligation of coronary artery left anterior descending branch. Ten minutes after successful ligation, the different experimental drugs (20 mg·kg^-1 Chuanxiong Rhizoma component) were injected into rats from femoral vein; the rats in positive control group were injected with ligustrazine injection(including with 20 mg·kg^-1 tetramethylpyrazine hydrochloride dehydrate). The rats in sham group and the model group were injected with equivalent dosage of saline, ten rats in each group. The blood samples were extracted after 40 min myocardial ischemia and 120 min myocardial reperfusion, thrombus length, wet weight and dry weight of thrombosis in vitro were examined, plasma endothelin 1 was tested by radiation immunoassay method, plasma NO was tested by nitrate reduction method, the maximum platelet aggregation rate was tested by turbidimetric method. RESULTS Compared with sham control group, thrombus length, wet weight and dry weight of thrombosis in model group increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01); Compared with model group, thrombus length, wet weight and dry weight of thrombosis in Chuanxiong Rhizoma component ② group and ③ group as well as ⑤ group had different degrees of reduction (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with sham control group, endothelin 1 level in model group increased significantly(P<0.01), NO level in model group decreased. Compared with model group, endothelin 1 level in Chuanxiong Rhizoma component ⑤ group, ⑥ group,⑧ group and ⑩ group had significant reduction(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and NO level had significant increase(P<0.05 or P<0.01); and platelet aggregation rate in Chuanxiong Rhizoma component ① group and ⑩ group had also significant decrease(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION Chuanxiong Rhizoma fingerprint spectrum established with HPLC and high speed countercurrent chromatography has a good correspondence. Different pharmacological effects of Chuanxiong Rhizoma component has the differentiation and specific targeting, which has the pharmacodynamic characteristics of developing new products and demonstration study.