Abstract: Objective To explore the genetic diversities and relationship of Bletilla striata from different habitats. Methods random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) primers were used to analyze the Bletilla striata from 50 different areas with RAPD molecular marker technique. Results The clear bands of S8, S9, S14, S19, S23, S25, S28, S29, S30 and S31 amplified by RAPD molecular marker technique and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis were screened from 50 primers. The 88 DNA fragments were amplified by these 10 primers and 92.05% of these DNA fragments were polymorphic. Each primer was able to amplify 5 to 11 DNA fragments with an average of 8.8 amplified. The amplification number of S19 primers was the least, only 5 fragments and the amplification number of S29 primers was the most with 11 fragments. Each primer was able to amplify 3 to 11 polymorphic DNA fragments with an average of 8.6 amplified. Conclusion There is obvious polymorphism and genetic difference among the Bletilla striata from different areas. RAPD markers exhibite efficiencies for fingerprinting Bletilla sfriata genotypes.