Abstract: The high prevalence rate, high disability rate and high suicide rate of depression seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Medication is the first choice of treatment for the disease. In the course of clinical antidepressant treatment, there are obvious gender differences in the pharmacodynamics of antidepressant drugs. This phenomenon may be related to differences in brain structure, personality and hormone levels between men and women, but the specific causes and mechanisms have not yet reached a unified conclusion. This article reviews the pharmacodynamics of antidepressant drugs and the causes of gender heterogeneity.