Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of topical injection of steroid hormone during carpal tunnel decompression surgery. METHODS Collected 122 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS) who were admitted and followed up from October 2015 to October 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, were grouped according to the intraoperative steroid hormones. The general preoperative data and postoperative CTS-6 scale scores were collected and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the excellent and good rates of intraoperative topical injection of steroid hormone groups compared with the non-injection group, and there was no statistically significant difference between methylprednisolone sodium succinate group and compound betamethasone group. CONCLUSION There is no statistically significant difference in the long-term improvement of symptoms in the application of topical steroid hormone injection during carpal tunnel decompression. The application of steroid hormone combined with surgery needs more research.