Abstract: OBJECTIVE To systematically review the influence of interleukin 1β(IL-1β) genetic polymorphisms C-511T or T-31C on eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection with proton pump inhibitors-based triple therapy.METHODS Such databases as PubMed, Embase, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang data and CQVIP were electronically searched for clinical studies on IL-1β genetic polymorphisms and proton pump inhibitors and Helicobacter pylori. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, literatures were screened, and data were extracted, and the methodologically quality of included studies were also examined. Meta-analysis were at last implemented using RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS A total of 4 studies involving 1 123 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that IL-1β genetic polymorphism C-511T of patients were significantly associated with successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori in the regiment of proton pump inhibitors-based triple therapy. Eradication rates for Helicobacter pylori in CC phenotype were remarkably lower than in TT phenotype (78.5% vs 92.1%, P<0.05). However, no significant eradication rates for Helicobacter pylori were observed between CT and CC or TT phenotypes (87.7% vs 78.5%, 87.7% vs 92.1%). IL-1β genetic polymorphism T-31C of patients were not associated with successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of proton pump inhibitors-based triple therapy.CONCLUSION IL-1β genetic polymorphism C-511T probably affects the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors-based triple therapy on the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection.