Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of aqueous extract from Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (ARAE) on the proliferation of SGC7901 in vitro based on miRNA regulation.METHODS The inhibition of ARAE on SGC7901 cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT method. And flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of SGC7901 after ARAE treatment. And after ARAE treatment, the different expressions of miRNAs were detected by high-throughput sequencing analysis. Then target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were analyzed by using miranda, mirbase and targetscan database, while the target functions were considered by KEGG analysis. Those targets were identified by qRT-PCR.RESULTS ARAE could significantly inhibit the proliferation of SGC7901 cells and induced the apoptosis of SGC7901 as well as regulate the expression of miRNAs including miR-16-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-26b-5p and miR-15b-5p, which were involved in the signaling regulation of PI3K-Akt, JAK-STAT and MAPK pathways.CONCLUSION ARAE could inhibit the proliferation of SGC7901 and induced cell apoptosis in vitro via regulating the expression of miRNAs.