Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the protective effect of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim.(TTM) based on NF-κB signaling pathway. METHODS The 48 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, bifendate group (200 mg·kg^-1), TTM low, middle and high dose group (100, 500, 1 000 mg·kg^-1). After the establishment of liver injury model induced by CCl₄, the rats was treated for some time, then killed for samples. The rat liver was weighed to calculate the liver coefficient; serum ALT and AST were detected; the liver tissue morphology were observed by HE staining; RT-PCR was used to detecte the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6; Western blot was used to detecte the protein expression of NF-κB. RESULTS compared with the model group, the liver coefficient was reduced by TTM, especially in the high dose group, the morphological structure of hepatic lobule was complete, liver cells arranged with regular size; RT-PCR showed that TTM alcohol extract could decrease gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 significantly, and Western blot also showed that TTM could extract decease the protien expression of NF-κB compared with model group. CONCLUSION TTM improves the acute liver injury induced by CCl₄ in rats, the mechanism may be related to inhibiting the expression of NF-κB.