Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of simvastatin and ezetimibe in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with atherosclerosis in rats in serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and C reactive protein(CRP). METHODS The 42 male SD rats were selected, and 8 rats were given normal diet as control group, other 34 rats which were copied type 2 diabetes mellitus with atherosclerosis model, determined the success of the model, were randomly divided into four groups. Eight rats were given high fat die as model group, 8 rats were given high fat diet plus simvastatin as simvastatin group, 8 rats were given high fat diet plus ezetimibe as ezetimibe group, and 8 rats were given high fat diet+simvastatin plus ezetimibe as the combined group. Body mass, fasting blood glucose(FPG), fasting insu(FINS), insulin resistance(HOMA-IR), blood lipid and levels of VEGF, IL-1β, CRP were compared at 12 weeks. RESULTS Body mass, FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR, blood lipid and levels of VEGF, IL-1β, CRP changed after 12 weeks treatment. The body mass and FPG in model group, simvastatin group, ezetimibe group, combination group, control group were gradually reduced; the FINS in control group, combination group, simvastatin group, ezetimibe group, model group were gradually reduced; the HOMA-IR in combined group, ezetimibe group, simvastatin group, model group, control group weer gradually reduced; the TC, TG and LDL-C in model group, simvastatin group, ezetimibe group, combination group, control group were gradually reduced; the HDL-C in control group, combined group, simvastatin group, ezetimibe group, model group were gradually reduced; the VEGF, IL-1β and CRP level in model group, simvastatin group, ezetimibe group, combination group, control group were gradually reduced. CONCLUSION Simvastatin combined with ezetimibe can regulate the blood lipid disorder and down regulation of VEGF and IL-1β and CRP levels.