Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Phyllodium puchellum alkaloid on the proliferation and extracellular matrix in human hepatic stellate cell (HSC-LX2) stimulated by acetaldehyde. METHODS MTT assay was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the drugs on HSC-LX2. The content of LDH was determined by using colorimetric method, Real-time PCR was applied to measure the expression of α-SMA, Co1-Ⅰ, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 mRNA. RESULTS P. pulchellum alkaloid could inhibit proliferation of HSC-LX2 cells in concentration manners. The activity of LDH in supernatant had no statistical significance compared with control group. From the results of Real-time PCR, the expression of α-SMA, CoL-I and TIMP-1 mRNA in drug groups were notably lower than those in model group stimulated by acetaldehyde, while the MMP-2 mRNA was increased. CONCLUSION The P. pulchellum alkaloid can inhibit the expression of α-SMA, Col-I and TIMP-1 mRNA in HSC-T6, reduce the synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix in liver, so as to interfere with course of the liver fibrosis.