Abstract: Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma is the dried rhizome of Polygonatum odoratum(Mill.) Druce, a traditional Chinese medicinal materials. Studies have shown that the composition of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma is complex, including steroidal saponins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils and other components, with hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-fatigue, anti-aging and other activities. The chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma were reviewed. Based on thetheory of quality marker(Q-Marker), the Q-Marker of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma was predicted from the aspects of plant affinity and specificity, effectiveness. measurability, compound compatibility and network pharmacology. It was preliminarily predicted that 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-galactopyranosyl-25(S)-spirost-5(6)-en-3β,14alpho-diol_qt, 4’,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methyl-8-methoxy-hydroxyflavone, 4’,5,7-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-homoisofluranone, polyglycoside E_qt, 4’,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methyl-hydroxyflavone, 4’-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-homoisofluranone, n-coumaroyltyramine, (Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-N-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylacrylamide can be used as the main Q-Marker of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, which provides a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma.