OBJECTIVE To explore the construction pathway of a tiered and classified management system for analgesic drugs using the PDCA cycle method and evaluate its application effectiveness in perioperative pain management.

METHODS Based on the WHO three-step analgesic ladder principle, a “three-level,four-dimensional” management model was established by integrating drug risk classification and prescription authority control.

RESULTS Through the establishment of the “three-level, four-dimensional” support framework, the rates of non-compliant prescriptions and incomplete registration of residual medication showed improvement, while the rates of mismatched drug batch numbers with prescriptions and incomplete recovery records of analgesic pump residual medication were significantly enhanced(P<0.05). Furthermore, under comparable patient age and gender and without increasing hospital stay duration, significant improvements were observed in the duration of opioid use, single-dose usage, average total dosage, and the proportion of opioid drug costs(P<0.0001).requires institutional design, technical supervision, and multidisciplinary collaboration.

CONCLUSION The “three-level, four-dimensional” management model effectively balances analgesic efficacy and medication safety. Its precise implementation requires institutional design, technical supervision, and muttidisciplinary collaboration.