基于“关口前移”理念的脑卒中闭环智慧防治体系建设

    Construction of a Closed-loop Intelligent Prevention and Treatment System for Stroke Based on the Concept of “Front-loading Prevention”

    • 摘要:
      目的 为践行“健康中国2030”战略,构建符合中国国情、基于“关口前移”理念的脑卒中全周期闭环智慧防治体系。
      方法 以上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院-花木社区卫生服务中心紧密型医联体为平台,将防治切入点前移至颈动脉斑块阶段。通过人工智能机器人、社区移动筛查及超声数据追溯主动发现高危人群;建立由神经内科、全科、药学等多学科组成的专病团队,实施预问诊、危险分层(高/中/低危);利用智慧化平台(电子档案、管理应用程序、健康群)进行分层随访、精准科普与用药管理;并打通急性发作、转诊与康复下转绿色通道。
      结果 2023年12月—2024年12月,共筛查出颈动脉斑块患者400例,其中169例进入专病门诊系统管理(高危95例、中危39例、低危35例)。31例有症状患者经绿色通道转诊至上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院,其中2例接受支架手术,1例随访中新发脑梗死被及时识别。患者满意度达94.7%,高危层患者用药依从性显著提升。
      结论 本研究构建的“关口前移”闭环智慧防治体系,能够有效整合医院-社区-家庭资源,实现脑卒中高危人群的早期识别、分层管理与全周期照护,初步验证了其可行性与有效性,为中国脑卒中防控提供了可参考的实践模式。

       

      Abstract:
      OBJECTIVE To implement the “Healthy China 2030” strategy by constructing a whole-cycle closed-loop intelligent prevention and management system for stroke, which is based on the concept of “front-loading prevention” and tailored to China’s national context.
      METHODS Using the close-knit medical consortium between Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Huamu Community Health Service Center as the platform, the intervention point was shifted forward to the carotid plaque stage. High-risk individuals were actively identified through artificial intelligence-assisted screening, community mobile screening, and retrospective ultrasound data tracing. A multidisciplinary team(neurology, general practice, pharmacy, etc.) was established to conduct pre-consultation assessments and risk stratification(high/medium/low). An intelligent platform(electronic health records, management application, and health groups) was utilized for stratified follow-up, targeted education, and medication management. Green channels for acute referral and downward referral for rehabilitation were established.
      RESULTS From December 2023 to December 2024, 400 patients with carotid plaques were screened, of whom 169 were enrolled into the systematic management of the specialized clinic(95 high-risk, 39 medium-risk, 35 low-risk). Among them, 31 symptomatic patients were referred to Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine through the green channel, including 2 who underwent stenting and 1 whose new cerebral infarction was identified promptly during follow-up. Patient satisfaction reached 94.7%, and medication adherence in the high-risk group improved significantly.
      CONCLUSION The “front-loading prevention”-based closed-loop intelligent management system constructed in this study effectively integrates hospital-community-family resources, achieves early identification, stratified management, and whole-cycle care for high-risk stroke populations, preliminarily verifying its feasibility and effectiveness. It provides a referential practical model for stroke prevention and control in China.

       

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