Abstract: Drug-induced pleural effusion is a rare drug-induced pulmonary adverse reaction. Several drugs have been found to cause pleural effusion, yet drug-induced pleural effusion is still under recognized and often overlooked in clinical practice. This review described the incidence, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic process, treatments and common drugs of drug-induced pleural effusion based on relevant case reports and clinical studies, to provide a clinical reference for the identification of drug-induced pleural effusion.