Abstract: Cutaneous adverse drug reaction(CADR) is the most common adverse drug reaction. In addition to causing skin and mucosal damage, it can also cause damage to multiple systems such as the liver, kidney, and bone marrow. In severe cases, it can lead to death. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of the association between CADR and human leukocyte antigen(HLA) genes, and some research results have been used in pre-clinical drug screening to predict and avoid CADR. This article explained the relationship between CADR and HLA gene polymorphism, the clinical value and economic benefits of gene screening, and the immune mechanism of HLA gene-mediated CADR, in order to provide a theoretical reference for personalized precision medicine and drug safety evaluation.