Abstract: Transient receptor potential melastatin-related 8(TRPM8) is a non-selective calcium channel whose abnormal function or deficiency leads to a variety of diseases.TRPM8 is involved in the physiological and pathological activities of organisms such as thermoregulation,tumors,inflammation,pain and asthma.Especially TRPM8 is often used as a potential target for therapy during tumor treatment.Most chemomodulators activate TRPM8 channels by affecting the intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration balance.This paper summarizes and analyzes the structure and function of TRPM8 channels and their modulatory effects on different diseases to provide a reference for TRPM8 as a target for clinical treatment and new drug development.