响应面法优化西罗莫司胶束及其促小肠吸收作用

    Optimization of Sirolimus Micelles by Response Surface Methodology and Its Effect on Small Intestinal Absorption

    • 摘要: 目的 制备和优化西罗莫司(sirolimus,SRL)聚合物胶束,考察其对大鼠在体肠吸收动力学的影响。方法 以去氧胆酸修饰的壳聚糖(deoxycholic acid grafted chitosan,CS-DCA)为载体,采用溶剂蒸发法制备SRL CS-DCA胶束。以包封率、载药量、粒径和电位作为考察指标,结合星点设计-效应面法优化处方。建立大鼠在体单向肠灌流模型,并通过肠腔有效吸收系数(Peff)、吸收速率常数(Ka)和药物吸收剂量分数(fa)研究不同浓度SRL CS-DCA的肠吸收特性。结果 SRL CS-DCA最优处方:载体浓度(CS-DCA)为10 mg·mL-1,药物与载体质量比为20%,该条件下制备得到的SRL CS-DCA带正电荷(37.0±2.7)mV,粒径(182.2±5.7)nm,包封率>90%,载药量(15.8±0.5)%。SRL CS-DCA经大鼠全肠后,反映药物肠吸收程度的评价指标PeffKafa均较SRL有显著提高(P<0.05);不同浓度的SRL CS-DCA在大鼠全肠段的PeffKafa值无显著性差异,提示胶束在10~100 μg·mL-1吸收无浓度抑制,吸收特征为被动转运的线性动力学过程,推测其可能的吸收机制为被动扩散。结论 SRL制备成聚合物胶束后,对其在大鼠小肠的吸收具有明显的促进作用,从侧面证明SRL CS-DCA能有效改善SRL口服生物利用度。

       

      Abstract: OBJECTIVE To prepare sirolimus(SRL) polymer micelles and investigate its effects on the absorption kinetics of rat intestine. METHODS The SRL CS-DCA micelles were prepared by solvent evaporation using deoxycholic acid grafted chitosan(CS-DCA) as carrier. The encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, particle size and potential were taken as the evaluation indexes, and the formulation was optimized by the central composite design-response surface optimization method. In situ single pass perfusion model of rat was set up to investigate intestinal absorption characteristics of SRL CS-DCA micelles with different concentrations. Meanwhile, the intestinal absorption coefficient(Peff), absorption rate constant(Ka) and the dose fraction(fa) were used to evaluate drug absorption. RESULTS The optimum formulation of SRL CS-DCA micelles was as follows:the concentration of CS-DCA was 10 mg·mL-1, and the mass ratio of drug to carrier was 20%. Under this condition, the system had the positive charge of (37.0±2.7)mV, particle size of (182.2±5.7)nm, the encapsulation efficiency greater than 90%, and the drug loading of (15.80±0.5)%. After the SRL CS-DCA micelles passed through the rat intestine, the Peff, Ka and fa were significantly higher than those of SRL(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the Peff, Ka and fa values of SRL CS-DCA micelles with different concentration in the whole intestine of rats, suggesting that the micelles had no concentration inhibition at 10-100 μg·mL-1, and the absorption characteristics were linear dynamics of passive transport. It was speculated that its possible absorption mechanism was passive diffusion. CONCLUSION The SRL CS-DCA micelles can enhance effect on intestine absorption of SRL monomer, which proves that SRL CS-DCA can effectively improve the oral bioavailability of sirolimus.

       

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