Research Progress of STAT6-mediated Signal Network Regulating Allergic Rhinitis and the Intervention Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Allergic rhinitis(AR) is an immune inflammatory disease primarily caused by an immune system response involving immunoglobulin E(IgE) and T helper 2 cell(Th2) dominance. As a key transcription factor mediating Th2 cells, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6(STAT6) is widely involved in variously physiopathological processes such as immune-inflammatory response, hyperreactivity, mucus hypersecretion and nasal remodeling in the AR nasal cavity through multiple signaling networks. Recent studies have found that STAT6 mediates signaling pathways involving interleukin-4(IL-4), interleukin-13(IL-13), and GATA-binding protein 3(GATA3), which are closely associated with AR. Traditional Chinese medicine has been shown to significantly reduce the recurrence rate of AR. Studies indicate that its therapeutic mechanisms involve modulating the STAT6-mediated signaling network to lower IgE levels and alleviate Th2 cell-mediated immune inflammatory responses, which are critical pathways in traditional Chinese medicine treatment for AR. By reviewing literature from relevant databases, this paper summarizes the regulatory role of the STAT6-driven signaling network in AR pathogenesis and the interventional effects of traditional Chinese medicine, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for experimental research and novel drug development targeting AR.