Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Gallocatechin-3-gallate on Laryngeal Cancer Cells by Downregulating Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors

OBJECTIVE  To explore the mechanism of action of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG) in inhibiting laryngeal cancer cells.

METHODS  The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) in laryngeal cancer cell lines AMC-HN-8, TU686 and TU212 was detected by Western blotting, and the inhibitory effects of cetuximab and EGCG on three laryngeal cancer cells were detected by CCK-8 assay. A lentiviral vector containing EGFR promoter and Luc reporter gene was constructed to generate a TU686-EGFR-Luc cell line that could steadily express Luc activity. Luciferase assay was performed to evaluate the effect of EGCG on the transcription activity of EGFR promoter. Cell cycle and apoptosis of EGCG-treated laryngeal carcinoma cells were analyzed by flow cytometry, and changes of the levels of EGFR and downstream ERK1/2, cell cycle-associated proteins P53 and P27, apoptosis-associated proteins BCL2 and PART, and autophagy marker LC3A/B were further examined.

RESULTS  The laryngeal carcinoma cell lines were insensitive to cetuximab but could be effectively suppressed by EGCG. EGCG effectively inhibited the transcription activity of EGFR promoter. Treatment of TU686 cells at sub-IC₅₀ dose EGCG resulted in significant cell cycle arrest at S phase with partial apoptosis. Significant inhibition of expression and activation of EGFR and downstream signaling pathway were observed.

CONCLUSION  EGCG can effectively downregulate EGFR and suppress laryngeal carcinoma cells, further investigation on in vivo effect and mechanisms are anticipated.