Research Progress of Nanomedicine in Antibacterial Sonodynamic Therapy

Bacterial infections, especially those induced by multi drug resistant bacteria, are an important hidden danger threatening global health. Sonodynamic therapy is an emerging antibacterial mean that mainly utilizes low-frequency ultrasound to activate sonosensitizers, prompting their production of reactive oxygen molecules to kill bacteria. It has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, does not easily induce resistance, and is effective against many drug-resistant bacteria. However, the poor water solubility, limited production of reactive oxygen species, and poor targeting of bacteria by sonosensitizers have greatly limited the clinical application of antibacterial sonodynamic therapy. Nanotechnology has many advantages in improving drug properties, targeted delivery and versatility, which can be introduced into antibacterial sonodynamic therapy to effectively overcome the existing limitations. In view of this, this article reviews the recent research progress of nanomedicines in antibacterial sonodynamic therapy and explores their mechanisms of action and advantages to provide references for subsequent research.