Optimization of Supercritical CO₂ Extraction Process and Component Analysis of Extract from Stellariae Radix

OBJECTIVE To optimize the supercritical CO₂ extraction process to extract lipid of Stellariae Radix and analyze its components.METHODS The supercritical CO₂ extraction process of lipid of Stellariae Radix was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface methodology,and the optimal process parameters were determined.The lipid component was analyzed by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS.RESULTS The best extraction process of lipid of Stellariae Radix was extraction pressure 35 MPa,extraction temperature 47℃,extraction time 3 h.Under this condition,the extraction yield of lipid was (0.332±1.31)%.Identification analysis results showed that the lipid component of Stellariae Radix contained 7 categories,including glycerophospho lipids,sphingolipids,glycerolipids,sterol lipids,pregnenolone lipids,fatty acyls,and glycolipids,29 subcategories,and 2 542 lipid species.The relative content of sterollipids was up to 88.29% of the lipid.Furthermore,it was first discovered phytosterol esters,yeast sterols,and ceramides from Stellariae Radix.CONCLUSION The optimized extraction process and analysis of lipid components lay the foundation for the research and further development of Stellariae Radix medicinal substances.