Damage Mechanism and Prevention Strategy of Iodine Contrast-induced Nephropathy

As the extensive development of contrast technology, the incidence of iodine contrast-induced nephropathy(CIN) is increasing, which become the third pathogenic factor leading to acute renal failure. However, up to now, the pathogenesis of CIN is not completely clear yet. Previous studies have shown that toxicity of contrast agents to the renal tubular cells, changes in hemodynamics and oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenesis of CIN. Nowadays, the prevention of CIN mainly concentrate on the hydrated therapy, blood purification treatment, related drug prevention such as nicorandil, alprostadil, probucol, sodium/potassium citrate, isosorbide dinitrate, coenzyme Q10 and trimetazidine, N-acetylcysteine, phyllanthus emblica extract, salvianolic acid B, ligustrazine, etc. Their preventive effects and mechanism need to be further research. This paper through reviewing the pathogenesis and prevention of CIN, provides reference basis for the research and treatment of CIN.