Research Progress on Effect and Mechanism of Andrographolide on Neurodegenerative Disease

Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation have been considered as key link in the occurrence and development of the neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD) and Parkinson’s disease(PD). It is of great significance to protect mitochondria, relieve oxidative stress and inhibite neuroinflammation in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Andrographolide is the main effective component of andrographolide, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antiviral, anti-HIV, liver protection and others. More and more studies have proved that andrographolide is a promising potential drug candidate against neurodegenerative disorders, and its mechanism of action involves in protection of mitochondrial homeostasis by mitophagy, inhibiting the inflammasome activation and microglia mediated neuroinflammation as well as elimination of reactive oxygen species(ROS). This paper systemically review the progress on the pharmacological activity and mechanism of andrographolide in AD, PD and cerebral ischemia in the last ten years, expecting to provide references on the biological studies and clinic translation of AG for neurodegenerative disorders.