Retrospective Analysis of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospital from 2008 to 2019

OBJECTIVE To explore the characteristics and regularity of the occurrence of cutaneous adverse drug reactions(CADRs) in the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and provide reference for clinical safety and rational use of drugs tor children. METHODS The 1 290 CADRs cases reported by the hospital where the author work in from January 2008 to December 2019 were derived through the National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring System, and the information on the clinical manifestations, categories, medications involved, and treatment history of CADRs in these children were collected to establish a database. RESULTS Among the 1 290 CADRs cases, 802 cases were male, accounting for 62.17%, and the CADRs cases were significantly higher than those of female children. Meanwhile, the incidence of CADRs was highest in young children(1-6 years old). There were 137 kinds of drugs involved. The main types were antibacterial drugs and traditional Chinese medicines. The dosage forms involved were mainly injectable, and the drug delivery route was mainly intravenous infusion. The most common skin mucosal damage was maculopapular rash(694 cases, 54.56%). There were 18 cases of rare severe skin and mucosal damage in CADRs, and the main types of drugs involved were anti-epileptic drugs and anti-infective drugs. The skin and mucous membrane damage was dominated by severe multitype erythema and anti-epileptic drug hypersensitivity syndrome. Most of the severe skin adverse reactions were improved after symptomatic treatment, but one pediatric patient died. CONCLUSION According to the regularity and characteristics of CADRs, clinicians should observe the occurrence of CADRs so as in time to reduce the occurrence of drug-induced adverse reactions. At the same time, clinicians should also focus on monitoring the use of drugs for special populations to ensure the safety of drug use.